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What is CoQ10?
Coenzyme Q10, also known as ubiquinone and abbreviated as CoQ10, is a natural antioxidant synthesized by the body, found in many foods, and available as a supplement. In general, coenzymes support enzymes in their various biochemical functions. CoQ10 is a vital participant in the chain of chemical reactions that generate energy within cells for metabolism. It is found in every cell of the body (the name ubiquinone stems from its ubiquity), but in higher concentrations in organs with higher energy requirements such as the kidneys, liver, and heart.

Many medical studies demonstrate supplemental CoQ10's beneficial effects, most of which stem from its vital role in oxygen utilization and energy production, particularly in heart muscle cells.

Why is it necessary?
Coenzyme Q10 is an important nutrient used for energy production by cells and as an antioxidant to protect cells. Studies have indicated that CoQ10 may support healthy functioning of heart muscle, protect LDL ("bad") cholesterol from oxidation, help to maintain the integrity of blood vessels, and even reduce the risk of vessel rupture due to plaque accumulation. CoQ10 may also improve survival rates in breast cancer patients, increase sperm motility in infertile men, prevent and treat migraine headaches, and slow the progression of dementia. There is also evidence that CoQ10 can help lower blood pressure in at least some populations.

What are the signs of a deficiency?
Studies have associated significantly decreased levels of CoQ10 with a wide variety of diseases in both animals and humans. Since this enzyme is found in high concentration in heart muscle cells, deficiency has been associated with cardiovascular problems such as angina, arrhythmia, heart failure and high blood pressure. Problems with blood sugar regulation, gingival (gum) health, and stomach ulcers have also been associated with CoQ10 deficiency. Those who are taking statins to lower cholesterol are at particular risk for deficiency, because not only do statins reduce cholesterol levels, but they also block CoQ10 synthesis in the body. Low CoQ10 levels in patients on statins can contribute to the common side effects of statin therapy such as fatigue and aching joints and muscles.

How much, and what kind, does an adult need?
Dr. Talebi suggests at least 90 to 120 mg of supplemental CoQ10 for any adult with a family history of heart problems or who is at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. This dosage is also appropriate for otherwise healthy men and women as a preventive measure and to help maintain a healthy cardiovascular system. CoQ10 is fat-soluble, so take the supplement with a meal containing fat for best absorption.